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CCHiPS 2005-06 Research Portfolio
CChIPS Research Portfolio
2007-08 Projects
2006-07 Projects
2005-06 Projects
CCHiPS 2007-2008 Research Portfolio
- Abdominal injuries in children in belt positioning booster seats
Jessica Jermakian, DSc, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this project is to gain an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of abdominal injuries in booster-seated children and the crash and restraint factors influencing the injuries by examining the field data experience. - Backup Crashes
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
This study will examine drivers’ back up behavior in a naturalistic setting using vehicles equipped with combined rearview camera and sensor-based systems and an eye tracker to monitor the locations at which the drivers are looking as they back up. Its objective is to determine whether the combined systems reduce back up crashes. - Evaluation of the effectiveness of side impact protection of children in child restraint systems
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this research study is to analyze, using mathematical models, the side impact methods currently being used and the effectiveness of protection offered to children in child restraint systems in a side impact. - Passive range of motion of adult and child cervical spines
Matthew R. Maltese, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
The primary objective of this study is to compare the static passive cervical spine flexion of children of specific age groups (6-8, 9-12, 13-15) with adults. As a secondary objective, these data will be applied to guide the development of child-based ATD neck biofidelity requirements through a validated computational model of the pediatric cervical spine. - State-of-the-Art Science – An update on Child and Adolescent Injury Research and Prevention
Yoganand Ghati, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this project is to provide the CChIPS members with a bi-annual state of the art summary about the current research, outreach, legislature and media coverage on child and adolescent injury prevention and research. - Using MADYMO to evaluate and quantify the effect of the misuse of vehicle LATCH anchor points in a vehicle environment
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
This study proposes to use mathematical models to analyze the effects of misuse, namely the effect of variation in the LATCH attachment configurations that are either narrower or wider than the standard 280 mm. - Child occupant surveillance: a feasibility study
Jessica Jermakian, DSc, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential transition of Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia’s current child-focused motor vehicle crash surveillance system, Partners for Child Passenger Safety, to a national system that leverages National Highway Transport Safety Administration crash research infrastructure. The feasibility study will evaluate the viability of new methods, the quality of the potential data, the likelihood of and method for securing appropriate funding, and potential stakeholder reaction to proposed changes.
CCHiPS 2006-2007 Research Portfolio
- Accidental Head Injuries in Young Children: Integrated Epidemiological and Biomechanical Analysis
Susan Margulies, PhD, Dept. of Bioengineering, The University of Pennsylvania
The overall hypothesis of the proposed research plan is that accidental head injury outcomes are better for older children than infants due to biomechanical and developmental differences. A retrospective single-center cohort study and anthropomorphic surrogate experiments to correlate age-specific biomechanical factors and environmental circumstances associated with accidental head injury will be conducted. This new information will provide the opportunity for the scientific foundation to target high-priority opportunities to enhance child safety via effective public education and improved safety in automotive, home, and play environments. - Comparative Performance of the Hybrid III 3C and Q3 Dummy Necks in Simulated Frontal Crashes
Matthew R. Maltese, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Presently, two ATD's exist that represent the 3-year-old human child - the Q3 and the Hybrid III 3C. When used to evaluate safety systems, these ATD's yield different neck injury criteria metrics. The project goal is to build on the quasistatic testing by examining the performance of the necks in a simulated frontal FMVSS No. 213 crash. The results of this research will be useful in determining how these two ATD's differ in their response, and thus will allow for informed data-driven comment on contemporary rulemaking efforts to incorporate these dummies into CRS evaluation and vehicle crash test rating programs (NCAP). - Development of a Rear Facing Child Restraint System Finite Element Model
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this study is to begin the process of building the database of child seats by developing a geometrically well-defined rear facing infant seat. Material testing of the plastic material will be done in accordance with ASTM D638-03 standards. A rigid body and finite element-based computational models will be developed. These models will be exercised in both MADYMO and LS-DYNA. Comparison of occupant responses in both models also will be studied. - Feasibility of Using CHOP's Practice-Based Research Network (PBRN) as a Recruitment Tool
Teresa Senserrick, PhD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
The proposed study aims to test the feasibility of using an electronic research network in primary care physician offices to recruit teenage drivers as research participants. A secondary goal is to develop a system for recruitment in other traffic injury prevention research projects. The broad long-term objective is to develop a system for providing consistent and current traffic injury prevention information through primary care physician offices.
- Injury Mechanisms in Belt Restrained Children in Side Impact Crashes
Matthew R. Maltese, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
The objective of this proposal is to delineate injury mechanisms for children involved in side impact crashes and to highlight the differences and similarities between adult and child injury patterns. The research goal is to determine when adult safety system concepts can be applied to the child and when they cannot. This research will describe the patterns and mechanisms of injuries, such as abdominal injury or upper extremity injury, or injuries to various organs to belt-restrained children involved in side impact crashes. It also will compare the injury patterns observed in belted children with those observed in belted adults in similar crash situations. - State-of-the-Art Science – An update on Child and Adolescent Injury Research and Prevention
Yoganand Ghati, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
This project will consist of conducting a comprehensive literature search to identify and retrieve information to provide CChIPS members with a bi-annual state-of- the-art summary of current research, outreach, legislature and media coverage on child and adolescent injury prevention. - Understanding the Variation of Accelerations Experienced by Rear-Seated Occupants
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
This study proposes to extract acceleration data from the rear cross members of a sample of popular passenger cars, SUV’s and minivans of model years ranging from 1980 to 2005 which have undergone NCAP testing. Analysis will be conducted of the rear cross member acceleration data by model year of every sampled vehicle to determine the change in acceleration over the years. The effect of this variation in acceleration will be quantified with the help of a MADYMO model. This would help in understanding and quantifying the variation of these accelerations based on the dummy performance. - Child booster seat use in China: A focus group study
Flaura Koplin Winston, MD, PhD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Joan Ozanne-Smith, MBBS, MPH, MD, Monash University, Australia
This study will investigate the amount of knowledge relating to child restraint systems, specifically booster seats, that parents in Beijing, China possess. This information will then be used to select and design interventions targeted toward parents in Beijing. These interventions will be shown to parents and used to collect their reactions and behavioral changes resulting from the programs. Booster seats will be provided to the enrolled parents, allowing for actual behavior changes to be monitored throughout the course of the study. - Extending Rear-Facing Recommendations to Children Over Age Pne
Dawei Xie, PhD, The University of Pennsylvania
The overall objective of this study is to examine patterns of injury to children in rear-facing child restraint systems and forward-facing child restraint systems in order to provide evidence for the potential benefit of extending the rear-facing recommendations to children over age one.
CCHiPS 2005-06 Research Portfolio
- Cervical Range of Motion in Young Children
Kristy Arbogast, PhD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
A proposal to obtain active range of motion measurements on normal healthy children from ages 3 to 10. This not previously available data will inform enhancements to child dummy design. - Effect of High Back Booster Seat Seating Angle and Seat Belt Positioning on Injury Metrics of a 6-year-old ATD
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Previous research at TraumaLink revealed differential performance among various high back booster seat designs during sled tests. This study proposes to conduct a parametric analysis thru mathematical modeling to explore design differences on injury metrics. - Identifying Motor Vehicle Crash Characteristics for Anatomic-specific Fatal Injuries in Child Occupants
Michael Nance, MD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
A proposal to correlate anatomic fatal injuries of children with causative motor vehicle crash dynamics. This project will involve the creation of a new injury resource, a linked dataset including the Fatal Analysis Reporting System and the Multiple Caus of Death database. - Lower Extremity Injuries in Children Seated in Forward Facing Child Restraint Systems
Jessica Jermakian, DSc, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
This study proposes to describe the spectrum of lower extremity injuries to children in forward-facing child restraints seen at a level one pediatric trauma center. This study will involve both prospective and retrospective full-scale crash investigations. - Misuse Study of LATCH Attachments: A Series of Sled Tests
Rajiv Menon, PhD, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
A case of severe cervical spine injury in a toddler was previously identified and investigated by the engineering team at TraumaLink. This child was restrained in a new child restraint with LATCH attachment, and loose attachment is one proposed injury mechanism. This study proposes to conduct a series of sled tests to examine the effects of loose attachment on injury risk.
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